Estimating pesticide emissions for life cycle assessment of agricultural products

Michael Hauschild and Morten Birkved

Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Technical University of Denmark

 

Inventory data for the use of pesticides in agricultural or forestry product systems are typically based on the applied dose and the contents of different ingredients in the commercial pesticide product. Normally in LCA, the field is considered as part of the technosphere, and then the emissions from the system are only those fractions of the applied dose which reach the environment surrounding the field. The routes of emission may be direct through wind drift or indirect through evaporation, leaching, or surface run-off. Based on existing tools for hazard or risk assessment of pesticides, a model has been developed, that allows estimation of emission factors based on substance characteristics, which are normally available for pesticide ingredients. The use of the model is illustrated and discussed for a number of pesticides.